Ethical Hacker: Who Is the Good Hacker and What Do They Do

When we hear the word hacker, we often think of cybercriminals breaking into systems to steal data or harm businesses. However, hacking does not necessarily have a negative connotation. There is a category of professionals, known as ethical hackers, who work to protect data and ensure cybersecurity.

Who Is an Ethical Hacker?

An ethical hacker is a cybersecurity expert authorized to test the vulnerabilities of digital systems. Their goal is not to cause damage but to identify weaknesses in systems to prevent cyberattacks by malicious hackers, known as black hat hackers.
Thanks to their work, companies can improve their digital security, protect sensitive information, and ensure operational continuity. Ethical hackers always act with the consent of system owners and in full compliance with the law.

Difference Between Hackers and Ethical Hackers

While traditional hackers, or black hat hackers, operate illegally for personal gain or to harm organizations, ethical hackers (white hat hackers) distinguish themselves by their legal and beneficial actions for security.
Another category is grey hat hackers, who fall between the two extremes: they break into systems without authorization but often share their findings with the aim of improving security, without malicious intent. However, these practices remain on the edge of legality.

How Ethical Hackers Operate

Ethical hackers use the same techniques as malicious hackers to identify vulnerabilities but do so in a legal and controlled manner. Some of the most common tools and methods include:

• Penetration testing: Simulated cyberattacks to assess the resilience of a system.
• Vulnerability analysis: Identifying flaws in operating systems, software, and networks.
• Network monitoring: Constantly analyzing data traffic to detect suspicious activities.
  The results of their analysis are reported to clients with suggestions on how to strengthen security.

Why Ethical Hackers Are Essential for Cybersecurity

In an increasingly digital world, data security is a priority for businesses, governments, and individuals. Ethical hackers play a crucial role in preventing cyberattacks, protecting sensitive information such as financial data, industrial projects, and critical infrastructure.
Without their intervention, many organizations would be exposed to significant risks, such as data theft, operational disruptions, and reputational damage.

How to Become an Ethical Hacker

Becoming an ethical hacker requires advanced technical skills and specific training. Here are the main steps:

1. Technical training: Gain knowledge in programming, computer networks, and operating systems.
2. Certifications: Obtain recognized qualifications, such as the Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) or CompTIA Security+.
3. Practical experience: Work on cybersecurity projects to develop real-world skills.
4. Ethics and legality: Always operate within the law and adhere to ethical principles.

Hacking, therefore, is not always synonymous with crime. Ethical hackers demonstrate that it is possible to leverage advanced skills for a positive purpose: protecting data, people, and organizations from the dangers of cybercrime. Investing in the training of new ethical hackers is essential to address the challenges of the digital future.